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Search Results: 1 - 10 of 1857 matches for " Basilio Carrasco "
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The Aconcagua River as another barrier to Liolaemus monticola (Sauria: Iguanidae) chromosomal races of central Chile
LAMBOROT,MADELEINE; EATON,LAFAYETTE; CARRASCO,BASILIO A;
Revista chilena de historia natural , 2003, DOI: 10.4067/S0716-078X2003000100003
Abstract: abstract univariate and multivariate statistical analyses of 28 meristic characters recorded for 19 samples of the lizard liolaemus monticola monticola were used to compare geographical variation in morphology with chromosomal races north and south of the maipo river, and north and south of the aconcagua river in central chile, plus some affluent. this extends a previous morphological study that confirmed that the maipo river is a biogeographical barrier that separates chromosomal races "southern, 2n=34" and "northern, 2n=38-40", and reports for the first time the importance of the aconcagua river as another biogeographical barrier between the chromosomal races "northern, 2n=38-40" and the "multiple fission, 2n=42-44". the phenetic variation among samples is sufficient to differentiate the three chromosomal races, and also distinguishes populations within the chromosomal races such as the ones separated by the colorado river, an affluent of the aconcagua river. a possible historical sequence of events that accounts for the pattern of morphological differentiation is advanced.
The Aconcagua River as another barrier to Liolaemus monticola (Sauria: Iguanidae) chromosomal races of central Chile El río Aconcagua como otra barrera para las razas cromosómicas de Liolaemus monticola (Sauria: Iguanidae) de Chile central
MADELEINE LAMBOROT,LAFAYETTE EATON,BASILIO A CARRASCO
Revista chilena de historia natural , 2003,
Abstract: ABSTRACT Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses of 28 meristic characters recorded for 19 samples of the lizard Liolaemus monticola monticola were used to compare geographical variation in morphology with chromosomal races north and south of the Maipo River, and north and south of the Aconcagua River in central Chile, plus some affluent. This extends a previous morphological study that confirmed that the Maipo River is a biogeographical barrier that separates chromosomal races "Southern, 2n=34" and "Northern, 2n=38-40", and reports for the first time the importance of the Aconcagua River as another biogeographical barrier between the chromosomal races "Northern, 2n=38-40" and the "Multiple Fission, 2n=42-44". The phenetic variation among samples is sufficient to differentiate the three chromosomal races, and also distinguishes populations within the chromosomal races such as the ones separated by the Colorado River, an affluent of the Aconcagua River. A possible historical sequence of events that accounts for the pattern of morphological differentiation is advanced. Se emplearon análisis estadísticos univariados y multivariados de 28 caracteres merísticos de 19 poblaciones de Liolaemus monticola monticola para comparar la variación geográfica morfológica en las razas cromosómicas, tanto al sur y norte del río Maipo, como al sur y norte del río Aconcagua, más algunos afluentes. Este estudio es una extensión de trabajos previos que demuestran que el río Maipo constituye una barrera biogeográfica que separa las razas cromosómicas "Sur, 2n=34" y "Norte, 2n=38-40" y destaca por primera vez la importancia del río Aconcagua como otra barrera geográfica entre las razas cromosómicas "Norte, 2n=38-40" y "Múltiples Fisiones, 2n=42-44". La variación fenética entre las muestras es suficiente para diferenciar las tres razas cromosómicas, y también permite distinguir poblaciones dentro de cada raza, como por ejemplo las que separa el río Colorado, afluente del río Aconcagua. Proponemos una posible secuencia histórica de los eventos que darían cuenta de los patrones de diferenciación morfológica.
An Approach for Micropropagation of Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) Plants Mediated by Temporary Immersion Bioreactors (TIBs)  [PDF]
Ariel D. Arencibia, Carolina Vergara, Karla Quiroz, Basilio Carrasco, Carmen Bravo, Rolando Garcia-Gonzales
American Journal of Plant Sciences (AJPS) , 2013, DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2013.45126
Abstract:

A new procedure for blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) micropropagation in programmed Temporary Immersion Bioreactors (TIBs based on two separate bottles) was developed for the commercial genotypes Biloxi, Sharp Blue and Brillita. Plant cultures were developed in a controlled environment with 0.4 MPa CO2 enrichment, sucrose-reduced medium, and light intensity of 60 mM m-2·s-1. Principal component analysis showed that component 1 (C1) grouped 64.08% of the total variability, while the first two components accounted for 86.97%. Representation of the principal components demonstrated three clusters corresponding with the blueberry genotypes, and within each cluster plants micropropagated in agar-base medium grouped separately from those plants multiplied in TIBs. Both plant number and total internodes traits (related to the productive efficiency) were demonstrated superior in blueberries propagated in TIBs. Additionally, when transferred to greenhouse conditions, blueberries propagated in TIBs showed higher adaptability and growing rates than those cultured by the conventional approach, altogether evidencing the occurrence of a photomixotrophic stage in the vitroplantlets cultured in TIBs.

Proximal causes of genetic variation between and within populations of rauli (Nothofagus nervosa)
Carrasco,Basilio; Garnier,Maurice; Eaton,Lafayette; Guevara,Rafael; Carú,Margarita;
Ciencia e investigación agraria , 2009, DOI: 10.4067/S0718-16202009000200007
Abstract: random amplified polymorphic dna(rapd)markers were used to assess the genetic diversity of 587 individuals, belonging to 22 populations of nothofagus nervosa that were distributed through the coastal (38°s to 41 °s) and andes mountains in central-southern chile (36°s to 40°s). the objective of this study was to complement the genetic inferences previously determined by isozyme analysis, in order to obtain more accurate genetic diversity estimations. we scored 81.8% of the polymorphic loci of the samples tested. the average incidence of genetic polymorphism within populations was high, with values ranging between 33% and 63%. analysis of molecular variance (amova) showed most of the genetic variation was distributed within populations (87.6%), but fst values (fst = 0.124; p< 0.00001) indicated that there was also a significant difference among populations. a discriminant analysis revealed three geographically defined groups and showed that 14 loci explained 87.2% of the genetic differentiation among n. nervosa populations. watterson's neutrality test and ohta's two-locus analysis of linkage disequilibrium (ld) both suggested that stochastic demographic and environmental factors can partially explain the loci variation observed in the rapds. the role of the last glaciations, as well as some conservation and breeding strategies, may have influenced current genetic variation and fragmentation in this species.
Heterogeneous genetic structure in a natural population of Raulí (Nothofagus nervosa)
Carrasco,Basilio; Eaton,Lafayette; Letelier,Luis; Díaz,Carole; García-Gonzáles,Rolando;
Ciencia e investigación agraria , 2011, DOI: 10.4067/S0718-16202011000300014
Abstract: heterozygote deficiencies in natural populations of outbreeding tree species are common and thought to be due mainly to biparental inbreeding. inbreeding is believed to be caused by family structure within populations, a product of limited seed dispersal and probably limited pollen dispersal. although both theory and simulation studies predict that structure should be apparent where trees are isolated by distance, most studies of structure in natural populations have detected only a weak spatial genetic structuring. in this contribution, we compare the use of spatial autocorrelation methodology and f statistics with the concept of relatedness to examine the spatial genetic structure in the natural population of a native southern beech and to explore the discrepancy between theory and observations. autocorrelation detected structure in only a few of the nine enzyme loci tested in an estimated patch size of approximately 10 m. by successively eliminating the largest distances in the gabriel map, the population was separated into groups or patches of neighbors, which were then tested for relatedness. three groups of relatives were found interspersed with seven groups of unrelated individuals. the f statistics for these groups also showed weak genetic structure. we suggest that heterogeneity of family structure within natural populations may be one reason why more spatial genetic structure has not been detected.
Plant tissue culture: Current status, opportunities and challenges
García-Gonzáles,Rolando; Quiroz,Karla; Carrasco,Basilio; Caligari,Peter;
Ciencia e investigación agraria , 2010, DOI: 10.4067/S0718-16202010000300001
Abstract: in the last two decades plant biotechnology applications have been widely developed and incorporated into the agricultural systems of many countries worldwide. tissue culture tools have been a key factor to support such outcomes. current results have allowed plant biotechnology and its products -including transgenic plants with several traits- to be the most assimilated technology for farmers and companies, representing several benefits such as: 125 millions ha of transgenic crops in 2008, the reduction of pesticides application by up to 9% in the last ten years, transgenic plants with a better nutritional quality, mass propagation of selected and healthy plants, and the production of proteins for industrial or therapeutic use. the rapid and extensive assimilation for this technology has improved the competences of the agricultural systems both in industrial and in developing countries, based on the proper application of research programs. several theoretical and practical aspects supporting plant tissue culture applications, as well as the main results and current status of the technology are discussed in this review. the reader will find key elements to evaluate the potential of plant tissue culture tools for the development of agriculture, livestock, human health and nutrition, and human well being in general.
Molecular Tools for Rapid and Accurate Detection of Black Truffle (Tuber melanosporum Vitt.) in Inoculated Nursery Plants and Commercial Plantations in Chile
Cordero,Cecilia; Cáceres,Pablo; González,Gloria; Quiroz,Karla; Carmen,Bravo; Ramírez,Ricardo; Caligari,Peter D.S; Carrasco,Basilio; García-Gonzales,Rolando;
Chilean journal of agricultural research , 2011, DOI: 10.4067/S0718-58392011000300022
Abstract: truffle (tuber melanosporum vitt.) culture is an agroforestry sector in chile of increasing interest due to the high prices that truffles fetch in the national market and the recent evidence that its commercial production is possible in chilean climatic and soil conditions. in this study, the efficiency of three methods of dna extraction from a mix of 5 g of soil and roots from both nursery and field plants of quercus ilex l. mycorrhized with t. melanosporum were evaluated, and a simple and reproducible protocol was established. detection of t. melanosporum was performed by the technique of cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (caps) from amplicons generated with the primers adl1 (5′-gtaacgataaaggccatctatagg-3′) and adl3 (5′-cgtttttcctgaactcttcatcac-3`), where a restriction fragment of 160 bp specific for t. melanosporum was generated, which allows the discrimination of this species from the rest of the species belonging to the tuber sp. genus. direct detection of t. melanosporum in one step was also obtained by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) from total dna isolated from mycorrhized roots and with the primers itsml (5′-tggccatgtgtcagatttagta-3′) and itslng (5′-tgatatgcttaagttcagcggg-3′), generating a single amplicon of 440 bp. the molecular detection of t. melanosporum by the methods presented here will allow the rapid and accurate detection of mycorrhization of trees, both under nursery and field conditions. this technology will also provide more security to farmers by controlling the quality of the mycorrhized trees they will plant and also by following the mycorrhization status of established orchards.
In vitro Propagation of Cedar (Cedrela odorata L.) from Juvenile Shoots
García-Gonzáles,Rolando; Delgado,Miladys; González,Yailín; González,Aníbal; Garriga,Miguel; Caligari,Peter ？D.S; Carrasco,Basilio; Quiroz,Karla;
Chilean journal of agricultural research , 2011, DOI: 10.4067/S0718-58392011000300005
Abstract: cedrela odorata l. is one of the most important timber species currently traded in the caribbean and central america; however, it has been intensively exploited. in vitro techniques and clonal propagation can help to develop new plantations and assist in establishing improvement programs for this species. the aim of this study was to develop a protocol to establish in vitro conditions and to micropropagate this species from nodal explants from juvenile cuttings taken from field trees. disinfection of node explants with 5% propiconazole ce 25 during 3 min resulted in 100% explant disinfection and 60% morphogenic response on those established explants. shoot development was optimized by cultivating in vitro node explants in murashige and skoog basal medium supplemented with 2 mg l-1 6-bencilaminopurine and 3 mg l-1 naphthaleneacetic acid. this medium resulted in 100% shoot development from the in vitro node explants with a 3.93 cm mean height. rooting was also stimulated 6 wk after individualization of the regenerated plants on the same micropropagation medium with a mean of 3.9 roots per plant. in vitro plants did not show morphologic differences when compared to ex vitro seeds.
Morfológica e Castilhamente: um Estudo das Constru？？es X-mente no Português do Brasil
BASILIO, Margarida;
DELTA: Documenta？？o de Estudos em Lingüística Teórica e Aplicada , 1998, DOI: 10.1590/S0102-44501998000300003
Abstract: this work addresses the question of the morphological structure of x-mente forms and of the degree of productivity of -mente in forming adverbs in brazilian portuguese. the author (a) shows that -mente is not properly a suffix in brazilian portuguese; (b) claims that, although the great majority of morphological types of adjectives can be involved in x-mente adverbs, the formative -mente does not have inflection level productivity; and (c) presents a preliminary study of productivity conditions of -mente in forming modal adverbs.
Metaphor and metonymy in word formation
Basilio, Margarida;
DELTA: Documenta？？o de Estudos em Lingüística Teórica e Aplicada , 2006, DOI: 10.1590/S0102-44502006000300006
Abstract: this work investigates the relevance of analogy, metonymy and metaphor in word formation patterns and their products. initially, the semantic side of proportional analogy in morphological restructuring is analyzed. the work then concentrates on the role of metonymy in the formation of instrumentals and agent nouns. the last part of the work is dedicated to the role of metaphor in compounding. the main point of the paper is to show how metaphor is fundamental to the constitution of the lexicon and, consequently, how unfortunate for the discussion of metaphor in language is the relative disregard to word-formation processes.
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