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 Physics , 1997, DOI: 10.1088/0264-9381/15/4/003 Abstract: An investigation of the Nambu-Jona-Lasino model with external constant electric and weak gravitational fields is carried out in three- and four- dimensional spacetimes. The effective potential of the composite bifermionic fields is calculated keeping terms linear in the curvature, while the electric field effect is treated exactly by means of the proper- time formalism. A rich dynamical symmetry breaking pattern, accompanied by phase transitions which are ruled, independently, by both the curvature and the electric field strength is found. Numerical simulations of the transitions are presented.
 Yoav Tsori Physics , 2006, DOI: 10.1021/ma0621268 Abstract: We consider orientational transitions of lamellar phases under the influence of a spatially nonuniform electric field. The transition between parallel and perpendicular lamellar stackings with respect to the substrate is investigated as a function of the system parameters. The dielectrophoretic energy and the energy penalty for having dielectric interfaces perpendicular to the field's direction are identified as linear and quadratic terms in a free energy expansion in the dielectric constant mismatch. We find that if the dielectric constant mismatch $\Delta\eps$ is smaller than some critical value $\Delta\eps_c$, parallel lamellar stacking will be realized, no matter how large the voltage difference between electrodes is. At $\Delta\eps>\Delta\eps_c$, perpendicular stacking will appear if the voltage is high enough. Nonuniform fields remove the in-plane degeneracy present in the more common uniform fields. We therefore calculate the energy of grains of different orientations. The torque acting on the grains leads to the preference of only one orientation. The results have direct implications to block copolymer orientation and to surface patterning on the nanometer scale.
 Physics , 2010, DOI: 10.1007/s10773-011-0707-0 Abstract: Starting with the definition of quaternion gauge theory, we have undertaken the study of SU(2)_{e}\times SU(2)_{m}\times U(1)_{e}\times U(1)_{m} in terms of the simultaneous existence of electric and magnetic charges along with their Yang - Mills counterparts. As such, we have developed the gauge theory in terms of four coupling constants associated with four - gauge symmetry SU(2)_{e}\times SU(2)_{m}\times U(1)_{e}\times U(1)_{m}. Accordingly, we have made an attempt to obtain the abelian and non - Abelian gauge structures for the particles carrying simultaneously the electric and magnetic charges (namely dyons). Starting from the Lagrangian density of two SU(2)\times U(1) gauge theories responsible for the existence of electric and magnetic charges, we have discussed the consistent theory of spontaneous symmetry breaking and Higgs mechanism in order to generate the masses. From the symmetry breaking, we have generated the two electromagnetic fields, the two massive vector W^{\pm} and Z^{0} bosons fields and the Higgs scalar fields.
 Physics , 2007, DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.147801 Abstract: Nematic elastomers with a locked-in anisotropy direction exhibit semi-soft elastic response characterized by a plateau in the stress-strain curve in which stress does not change with strain. We calculate the global phase diagram for a minimal model, which is equivalent to one describing a nematic in crossed electric and magnetic fields, and show that semi-soft behavior is associated with a broken symmetry biaxial phase and that it persists well into the supercritical regime. We also consider generalizations beyond the minimal model and find similar results.
 Physics , 2013, DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2013.783721 Abstract: Paramagnetic, dipolar Hund's case-a radicals are considered in the presence of arbitrary, non-collinear combinations of electric and magnetic fields. The field-dependent part of the Hamiltonian is found to be exactly diagonalizable, and described by quantum numbers given by the projection of the molecule's total angular momentum along a space-fixed axis that is determined by both the fields and the electric and magnetic dipole moments of the molecule. In cases of strong fields, this procedure identifies a set of quantum numbers for the molecule in crossed fields. We dub this set a "Hund's case-X" basis.
 Mathematics , 2001, DOI: 10.1063/1.1491596 Abstract: It is shown that the renormalizability of the zero-range interaction in the two-dimensional space is always followed by the existence of a bound state, which is not true for odd-dimensional spaces. A renormalization procedure is defined and the exact retarded Green's function for electrons moving in two dimensions and interacting with both crossed magnetic and electric fields and an attractive zero-range interaction is constructed. Imaginary parts of poles of this Green's function determine lifetimes of quasi-bound (resonance) states. It is shown that for some particular parameters the stabilization against decay occurs even for strong electric fields.
 Physics , 2014, Abstract: Crossed electric and magnetic fields influence dipolar neutral particles in the same way as the magnetic field influences charged particles. The effect of crossed fields is proportional to the dipole moment of particles (inherent or induced). We show that the effect of crossed fields is quite spectacular in a multilayer system of polar molecules with dipole moments perpendicular to the layers. In this system the dipoles are coupled into chains, with a very large dipole moment of a given chain. The crossed fields may then induce a large number of vortices in the superfluid gas of chains. This effect can be used for monitoring the formation and dissociation of chains in multilayer dipolar structures.
 Physics , 2015, Abstract: In any atomic species, the spherically symmetric potential originating from the charged nucleus results in fundamental symmetry properties governing the structure of atomic states and transition rules between them. If atoms are exposed to external electric fields, these properties are modified giving rise to energy shifts such as the AC Stark-effect in varying fields and, contrary to this in a constant (DC) electric field for high enough field strengths, the breaking of the atomic symmetry which causes fundamental changes in the atom's properties. This has already been observed for atomic Rydberg states with high principal quantum numbers. Here, we report on the observation of symmetry breaking effects in Helium atoms for states with principal quantum number n=2 utilizing strong visible laser fields. These findings were enabled by temporally resolving the dynamics better than the sub-optical cycle of the applied laser field, utilizing the method of attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy (ATAS). We identify the spectroscopic fingerprint of instantaneous polarization and breaking of the symmetry of the atom in the intense visible femtosecond pulse used in an ATAS experiment. In the future, this general experimental approach can be used to measure strong-field induced symmetry-breaking effects in other atomic or molecular systems also consisting of two or more active electrons and thus to examine new routes to their bound-state and transition-state control by laser fields.
 Physics , 2003, DOI: 10.1088/0305-4470/37/31/003 Abstract: We study the spectral properties of a charged particle confined to a two-dimensional plane and submitted to homogeneous magnetic and electric fields and an impurity potential. We use the method of complex translations to prove that the life-times of resonances induced by the presence of electric field are at least Gaussian long as the electric field tends to zero.
 Physics , 2003, DOI: 10.1088/1464-4266/6/1/004 Abstract: Laser-atom interaction can be an efficient mechanism for the production of coherent electrons. We analyze the dynamics of monoenergetic electrons in the presence of uniform, perpendicular magnetic and electric fields. The Green function technique is used to derive analytic results for the field--induced quantum mechanical drift motion of i) single electrons and ii) a dilute Fermi gas of electrons. The method yields the drift current and, at the same time it allows us to quantitatively establish the broadening of the (magnetic) Landau levels due to the electric field: Level number k is split into k+1 sublevels that render the $k$th oscillator eigenstate in energy space. Adjacent Landau levels will overlap if the electric field exceeds a critical strength. Our observations are relevant for quantum Hall configurations whenever electric field effects should be taken into account.
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