%0 Journal Article
%T SERUM BIOMARKERS IN EVALUATION AND VALIDATION OF DISEASES
%A H.D.Khanna
%J JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND REVIEW
%P 1-5
%@ 2349-3232
%D 2014
%X Biomarkers are key molecular or cellular events that link a specific environmental exposure to a health outcome. Biomarkers play an important role in understanding the relationships between exposure to environmental chemicals, the development of chronic human diseases, and the identification of subgroups that are at increased risk for disease. The validation of biomarkers as early predictors of clinical disease can enhance health risk assessment and contribute to effective new disease prevention policies in environmental and occupational settings. The process of validating biomarkers involves dealing with a range of characteristics that include the intrinsic qualities of the biomarker, its determinants, and the analytic procedure. The principal goal is to discover biomarkers, with the ultimate objective of identifying differentially expressed proteins between diseased and healthy controls. Novel and fast high-throughput systems dramatically enhance the analysis of thousands of proteins and genes with very low volumes. It is becoming clear that the consideration of a single biomarker might not be potent enough to improve diagnostic specificity. Thus, it is essential to develop methods to measure several biomarkers together in a single well or on a biochip to create an accurate prognostic profile. Plasma/serum measurements are the gold standard in clinics, because they are minimally invasive and can be easily collected and processed. Plasma/serum data reflect a broad spectrum of changes. A major advantage of blood samples is that patients can be followed up and screened over several years.
%K Serum Biomarker
%K Prognostic profile
%K Chronic human diseases
%K Blood samples
%U https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B6VZoYTz31LwYjBtcXdXbDB0TzQ/edit